{"id":1054,"date":"2014-08-05T05:18:34","date_gmt":"2014-08-04T21:18:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/?p=1054"},"modified":"2016-02-28T15:06:24","modified_gmt":"2016-02-28T07:06:24","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/?p=1054","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5b66\u4e60 Linux\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7535\u8111\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9 Linux \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u7535\u8111\u7cfb\u7edf\u6362\u6210 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u7535\u8111\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u7684 Windows \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7559\u7740\u65e5\u5e38\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d8\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7535\u8111\u62e5\u6709\u53cc\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6765\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u524d\u8005 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u95f4\u6765\u56de\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\uff1b\u800c\u540e\u8005\u5207\u6362\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e3b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8dd1 N \u4e2a\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u7528\u7684\u5728\u4e3b\u7cfb\u7edf Win7 \u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5 VMware \u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7cfb\u5217\u4e2d Ubuntu \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5bf9 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f88\u662f\u4e0d\u719f\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u5217\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u4e00\u6b3e\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f88\u9002\u5408\u5165\u95e8\u8005\u5b89\u88c5\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u987a\u4fbf\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e0b VM \u865a\u62df\u673a\u548c Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u5427\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u7f51\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u61d2\u5f97\u627e\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u7248\u6743\u5f52\u5b98\u65b9\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u6240\u6709\u3002<\/p>\n

VMware \u4e0b\u8f7d<\/a>\uff08\u767e\u5ea6\u4e91\u7ba1\u5bb6\uff09\uff1a\u90fd\u5e26\u6709\u7834\u89e3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709 VM7 <\/strong>\u7248\u3001VM8 <\/strong>\u7248\u548c VM10 <\/strong>\u7248\u3002\r\nLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/a>\uff08\u767e\u5ea6\u4e91\u7ba1\u5bb6\uff09\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u6709 Ubuntu 10.04 \u5230 14.04<\/strong> \u7684\u6240\u6709\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec 32 \u4f4d\u548c 64 \u4f4d<\/strong>\u3002<\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u600e\u6837\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u54ea\u79cd\u7684 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6309 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5927\u81f4\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u5927\u4f53\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5b83\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6700\u9876\u5c42\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u662f\u88c5\u6709\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u67dc\u5b50\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6ce8\u610f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7528\u6b63\u659c\u6760\u8868\u793a\uff08\/\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5728 Windows \u4e2d\u7528\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff08\\\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/bin\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5173\u952e Linux\/Unix \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff08\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff09\u6620\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4f9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u00a0\/usr\/bin \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/boot\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u542f\u52a8 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u914d<\/span>\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6620\u5c04\u653e\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u5907\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/dev\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u7ec8\u7aef\u3001 \u78c1<\/span>\u76d8\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u3001 CD-ROM\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u3001 \u78c1\u5e26\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u3001 \u8c03\u5236\u89e3\u8c03\u5668\u548c\u6253\u5370\u673a\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a null \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a Linux \u9ed1\u6d1e\uff0c\u5728\u6d41\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7684<\/span>\u65f6\u5019\u5e38\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/etc\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u8bb8\u591a\u4e13\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/home\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7b49\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e93\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/lib\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u76ee\u6807\u6620\u8c61\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f52\u6863\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4f59\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e93\u653e\u5728 \/usr\/lib\u00a0\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
lost+found\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5176\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u4e0d\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u5b83\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587<\/span>\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n
\u6302\u8f7d\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/mnt\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86cdrom\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u8f6f\u76d8\u52a0\u8f7d\u70b9\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 mount \u4e34\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9009\u9879\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/opt\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u9644\u52a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u7a0b\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/proc\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
root\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8bb8\u591a Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5c06 \/root \u76ee\u5f55\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6839\u8d26\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u53d7\u5230\u5b8c\u5168\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/sbin\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728\u76ee\u5f55 \/sbin\u3001\/usr\/sbin\u3001\/usr\/local\/sbin \u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u6839\u7528\u6237\u4e13\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/tmp\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8981\u7528\u5230\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5b58\u653e\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b9a\u671f\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u585e\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/usr\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u662f Linux\/Unix \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d8\u91cf\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\/var\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u653e\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\"Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\"
Linux\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5b66\u4e60 Linux\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7535\u8111\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9 Linux \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227],"tags":[602,234,280],"class_list":["post-1054","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux","tag-ubuntu","tag-280"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1054","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1054"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1054\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2681,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1054\/revisions\/2681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.menglanglang.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}